While they can't shoot their quills at predators, the quills are loosely attached and designed to deter predators. A porcupines quills cover most of their body and they can have up to 30,000 quills at any one time. The porcupines stick the quills into the jaws of the predator by swinging their tails. With the upward flip of his tail one quill grazed my cheek; another stuck in my hat brim, its shaft hanging in front of my nose; three more clung by their barbed tips to the cedar splits, so lightly that a finger touch dislodged them. Their self-defense is their quills, and you can get stuck by them. I am a freelance writer with 22 years of experience. Thank you for visiting! If the quill gets broken off in your skin and embedded, it can cause a severe infection. The quills do not cover the underside of the porcupine. They cannot throw or shoot their quills. If you can, snip just the ends off the hollow quills to relieve the build-up of pressure inside, and then seek professional medical care to ensure the quills are removed correctly and completely. So how did this myth arise? All primed, sharp, and detachable. The quills usually lie flat against the porcupines body until they encounter a threat, at which point they puff up and erect their quills, swinging their spiny tails until the threat either leaves them alone or gets a sharp whack and a face, hand, or paw full of quills. Each puzzled inquirer wanted to know why, on some mornings, he found fresh quills outside the porcupine's cage of chicken wire. A rumor has been floating around for centuries that porcupines can fling their quills at enemies. A purely involuntary or reflex blow, I think. Porcupines quills are long and light, they are not deeply rooted in the porcupines skin, so it does not appear to bother a porcupine to lose their quills. Its rare for a porcupine to attack a human, but if you try to get close to it, it may try to defend itself as any wild animal would. They are considered rodents with brown, yellow fur and stiff quills covering their bodies except for their soft stomachs. There it stood, like a tiny arrow in the butt or target, its point embedded in a snow-crusted stump, at a distance of three or four feet from the nearest footprint. There are four escalating stages of porcupine defensive behavior: Quill Erection Teeth Clattering Emitting of Odor Attack How do Porcupines Attack? The interesting part is they contain an antibiotic naturally in them. Tracks of the young wolf told how warily he had circled the kill, as if fearful of getting quills in his feet; then with a single sniff at the outgoing fisher trail he trotted off to rejoin his pack. Cut down on the demand for resources by consuming less. The only way porcupines can use their quills is by falling or jumping on the animal; literally, the quills will only work if they touch their target. Learn more New at the Zoo: Meet Our Bushbaby Brothers. Simply raising awareness about this species can contribute to its overall protection. The quills of a porcupine have a coating on the exterior that is composed of free fatty acids. Does it Hurt a Porcupine to Lose its Quills? Porcupines cannot shoot their quills. All rights reserved, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. He's still armed and dangerous. The coloration of a porcupine is an effective defense against predators, as most predators that hunt at night have difficulty distinguishing between the black and white markings of the porcupine. After they get stuck by a porcupines quills, a pets instinct is to run and then attempt to rub the quills out. This has led to the misconception that porcupines can actually shoot their quills like a weapon. The porcupine has an estimated 30,000 quills on its body and is thus not incapacitated even by the loss of several hundred quills during a fight. These mammals use the spiny quills on their back as a defense against predators. Once the animal feels threatened and the quills are exposed, it only takes a soft touch for them to detach and end up in the skin of a predator. Can Porcupines Shoot Their Quills? Weighing only about 20 pounds and their length is about twenty-five to thirty-six inches full-grown, males are bigger than females. I have heard that porcupines can throw or shoot their quills to defend themselves. Plainly then my eye caught the insectlike glint of flying quills, and to my ear came a faintly tinkling sound as of sand tossed against the cedar roof. Additionally, this same coating also helps to reduce friction and makes it easier for the porcupine to move through its environment without getting caught on any obstacles. How Do You Train A Lemur For Voluntary Radiographs? They also get browse several days a week and chew on the tree bark in their exhibit. And did you wonder, as warily you walked around a porcupine at stone-throwing distance, how he could possibly do it? Plants can talk. Porcupine quills are made of keratin, a protein found in hair, nails, and other hard tissues. These predators kill a porcupine by biting its unprotected face or by flipping it over to expose the vulnerable underside. (All Bears with Table), What Vegetables Can Bearded Dragons Eat? Example: [Collected on the Internet, 1997]. These quills typically lie flat until a porcupine is threatened, then leap to. Some porcupines are completely covered in quills others only have them from the shoulders back. 4 Leaders to Learn About During Black Futures Month. Porcupines cannot shoot them at predators as once thought, but the quills do detach easily when touched. We learned in this article that while porcupines cant actually shoot their quills like darts or arrows, they can detach them from their bodies at will. The truth is a different story. Please let me know in the comments below. In the wild, they are known to live as long as 18 years. Ready to debunk another myth? Porcupine quills serve a variety of other purposes besides defending a porcupine. In addition, try not to startle the porcupine as they may react defensively by shooting out their quills at whatever startled them, which could include you! What eats a porcupine? The porcupine has an estimated 30,000 quills on its body and is thus not incapacitated even by the loss of several hundred quills during a fight. The answer is no; they cannot shoot their quills. We have a special focus on travel in Ecuador, Africa, and Nova Scotia. Witness the following italicized warning, sternly issued in the name of Science: "Porcupines can not shoot their quills, not even for one inch; and the idea that they canor ever haveis entirely erroneous" (Hornaday, The American Natural History). One whack from a porcupines tail can inflict dozens of quills. Once a quill is lost, it isn't lost forever. What was your experience? Shot his shining quills like arrows. Porcupines may look sweet and harmless when you see a cute picture of them, but if you encounter one in the wild youre likely to be wondering if they are able to shoot their quills and how far back you should get to avoid getting hit with one. I love learning about other cultures and tasting their food. For these reasons, scientists believe that it does not hurt the porcupine to lose its quills. Tab will move on to the next part of the site rather than go through menu items. These quills are hairs ending in barbs that cover the whole body besides the stomach. However,if a porcupinefeels threatened, the animal will expose its quills as a method of protection and defense. Elephants are learning to live with us. The best thing to do in this situation is to give the porcupine a wide berth and move away slowly. Some quills, like those of Africa's crested porcupine, are nearly a foot long. But can they actually shoot those quills like a projectile to defend themselves? We can learn excellent applications by studying nature and applying them to applications in our world. Turning back-to, he puts his unprotected head against a tree or rock, or down between his forelegs, and rolls his body into a huge chestnut bur with its myriad points bristled out in all directions. Kosovo wants to decide its futurebut will history hold it back? Can I get Poisoned by Porcupines Quills? Each quill is sharp and made to keep the animal safe from being eaten. So my question was at last answered: a porcupine throws quills from his tail. The Lakota women from the Sioux tribe of North and South Dakota would sneak up on an unsuspecting porcupine and throw a blanket over the porcupine. Porcupines cannot shoot their quills, not even one inch, but I would not get close to a porcupine. Your physician will probably numb the area and remove the quills. As another last defense measure, the porcupine can also swing its tail at the predator with great force. Their quills are hollow hairs with barbs at the tip, which can stick into the flesh of whatever is threatening them. While not threatened, hunting by humans has caused populations to decline. The average quill is about two to three inches, but the African crested porcupines can have quills that are a foot long and as thick as a straw. Porcupines can not shoot their quills or even throw them at will. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Awed watching one notice me & my headlamp, as creature was halfway across a NH road early this evening. Contrary to popular belief though a porcupine cant throw their spines. Coming too close to a porcupine can make. Healthcare has even studied the fantastic properties of the porcupine quills. If they get threatened or angry with you, a porcupine will charge with its quills standing straight up, and his suit of armor will injure you. he stopped mid road. One possible explanation is people saw porcupines molting, or shaking off loose quills, and assumed they could shoot their quills like projectile weapons! New quills grow in to replace lost ones. Much like a dog or cat sheds its fur seasonally, the porcupine also sheds quills at regular intervals to make room for new ones. Or better yet, avoid scaring/irritating the porcupine to begin with. To clinch the matter I tapped his nose with the rod case when he started for the door, which made him turn and bristle up again. Contact the AZ Animals editorial team. My only suggestion to one who would monkey with a porcupine's tail is this: wear tough gloves on your hands and glasses to protect your eyes. If that doesn't work, they may charge backwards into the predator.. Painful going in, the quills of most porcupines cause even more pain when they are extracted. The dark bulk on the floor was a porcupine, uncommonly large, his head turned away from me, as always he turns it from an enemy. Instead, when threatened or startled, a porcupine will arch its back and raise the spines on its tail. All Rights Reserved. This jumping movement is extremely fast and has given rise to the myth that a porcupine launches the barbs from a distance. When quills embed in the skin, they work their way deeper over time and could rupture internal organs if not removed. They would dye the quills in different colors and use them to decorate clothing, shoes, knife sheaths, and leather bags. At the touch of my foot he had struck upward with his armored tail, and missed. In almost all cases, simply leaving the area peacefully should be enough for both parties but always keep an eye on any young children who may also be present so that they dont inadvertently get too close and provoke an attack from the animal. WildlifeInformer.com is your #1 source for free information about all types of wildlife and exotic pets. Share the story of this animal with others. Join us as we share our experiences and the best attractions, animals, and foods from around the world. This design means that quills slide into a predator with ease, but are hard to remove. The rattling of quills is made even more effective by the hollow quills at the back end of the porcupine. On the face, the quills are only about a half-inch long, but on the back they may be up to five inches in length. These quills typically lie flat until a porcupine is threatened, then leap to attention as a persuasive deterrent. Breeding season is fall and early winter. All this has long been familiar to naturalists, the two ignored factors being that porcupine armor is frequently renewed, as a growing crab sheds his shell, and that as new quills push up through the skin the old quills loosen and fall out. Rats invaded paradise. They are also good swimmers. 7 hands-on food and drink experiences to try in Italy, Behind the fairytales: a journey into the Black Forest, Hitting new heights: learn how to be an Alpinist in Chamonix, Photograph by Joel Sartore, National Geographic Photo Ark, The secret superpowers of elephants, in stop motion, Video Story, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Cautiously a moccasined foot reached out to touch the thing, and on the instant I was acutely aware of four rather startling sensationsof a snappy motion underfoot, a sharp pain-in my ankle, a scratched cheek and a tinkling sound on the roof of cedar splits over my head. Removing these quills is a painful process that deters many attackers from wanting to hunt a porcupine ever again. I am owned by two dogs who take me on hikes in the mountains where we see coyotes, black bears, and wild turkeys. The first evidence that porcupines can and do throw quills came to me with the dawnlight of a winter morning in the Ontario wilderness. . An amusing feature of quill shooting is that it might surprise the porcupine even more than it surprises the many naturalists who have doubted or denied it. Heres how. While porcupines don't shoot quills, these spikes detach easily when predators attempt to bite or pounce. Porcupines are generally peaceful creatures that will only become aggressive if they feel threatened. How far can porcupines shoot their quills? They dont have any specific muscles or systems in place to literally spit out their spines. Porcupines cannot shoot their quills. If all else fails and they are attacked, porcupines will use their sharp claws to defend themselves in addition to releasing a smelly substance from glands located near their tail which serves as an additional deterrent for predators that get too close. Porcupines cant shoot their quills like arrows over long distances, or aim them at a particular target like another animal or a human that gets too close. I live in the Pacific Northwest and am surrounded by nature. With the sidewise blow a dozen or more quills (not counted) were driven into the tough moccasin leather; and four, as I had good reason to remember when I pulled them out, were more deeply embedded in my tender skin. There are a few possible answers to this question: A porcupine is a solitary creature that would rather be left alone. So the years passed, and I had almost forgotten my little problem when a porcupine whose dull wits were all in working order gave me the answer, unasked. That is what we are here to find out! Do Porcupines Have Claws? Because quills are so lightly attached, they come off easily when a predator encounters them. So the chance of a human getting attacked by a porcupine is pretty rare. Your email address will not be published. They have a saw-toothed feathery barb at the end of the quill that makes it stuck in you if you should happen to get quilled. Porcupines are generalists, eating a wide range of plant material. Claim: Porcupines can launch their quills at attackers. If you can, snip just the ends off the hollow quills to relieve the build-up of pressure inside, and then seek professional medical care to ensure the quills are removed correctly and completely. (pp. Meanwhile his tail is flattened close to the ground, so quiet, so apparently harmless that no enemy pays any attention to this ready weapon until it hits him. While porcupines spend most of the time on the ground, they are good climbers and regularly climb trees in search of food (and occasionally are found to build nests in trees.) Porcupines don't shoot quills but stick them into predators by swinging their tails. At the time of the kill, as now, the wind was so near stilled that one had to hold up a moistened finger to feel for it; and in such densely forested country even a gale in the treetops has very little force or direction close to the ground. Alongside clattering their teeth, porcupines may also thump their feet against the ground or stamp their hind legs in order to intimidate predators further. During this time period, they may be left more vulnerable as their lack of physical protection could leave them exposed to dangerous situations. But how? How he had made the kill without getting a throatful of quills was left untold by the snow, but there was no mystery about what came next; he had opened his game from the under side, which has no protective armor. This is handy because often the porcupine can lose a few dozen quills at a time (into the face of an unsuspecting enemy). If you do come in contact with a porcupine and get quilled, it is important to seek medical help immediately. The only species of porcupine in the United States and Canada is the North American Porcupine. Do Rattlesnakes Nurse Their Babies? Hello, Im Diane Diegor. Enter and space open menus and escape closes them as well. The quills will also fall out naturally, just like our hair does. The rumor that porcupines can shoot or throw their quills at aggressors is only a legend, but there's no need to test that out for yourself. Slowly, inch by inch, the door opened half way. There are four escalating stages of porcupine defensive behavior: If a porcupine reaches attack mode, it may run backward or sideways into a predator. Can Porcupines Shoot Quills Out of Their Back?A lot of mystery surrounds this strange defense mechanism, including whet her porcupines can launch their quill. Porcupines have long bodies with short legs and can weigh up to 25 pounds or more. About the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Claws and Paws Pathway Opens at Smithsonians National Zoo, What's New at the Smithsonians National Zoo This Summer. Quills of body and tail alike are so lightly attached to the skin that they pull out and begin, by reason of back-slanting barbs, their slow but sure penetration of any mouth or paw or hand that rudely touches them. See how Nat Geo photographed elephants over 100 years, The secret superpowers of elephants, in stop motion. Predators will need to be within tail-swinging distance for the quills to become embedded in their flesh. Averted my headlamp, it slowly lumbered to the road side of its original intent, lookt at me again, then began to carefully nibble on weeds. This same false belief has accrued to the hedgehog, another quill-bearing mammal. If you get close enough, the eight-to-ten-inch tail will swat toward you in a warning, and you will be stuck with the sharp quills. Can we do the same? Sometimes quill tips can get stuck, and they may prescribe antibiotics to prevent infection as the quill tips work their way out of your skin. Final Words. While porcupines spend most of the time on the ground, they are good climbers and regularly climb trees in search of food and occasionally even build nests in trees. Also, quills are very loose hence they can detach and pierce someone who tries to touch a porcupine. They are easily identified by their protective quills, which cover their body. How magnesium affects your sleep and anxiety, Eight of the best new hotels for a US city break in 2023, 6 hiking and biking trails to explore in the Alps this summer. Quills can vary in length, depending on the species of the porcupine. P was as curious about me, as I was about her / him. My whole care now was to locate that solitary wolf. Axolotls and capybaras are TikTok famousis that a problem? Rat Poop vs Mouse Poop: Whats the Difference. Because the quills carry bacteria with them, once they penetrate the skin they can serve as a source of infection and abscesses. But it will protect itself if the need arises. Quills are a formidable defense against attacks, but they are not arrows and cant be shot. London: The Old Westminster Press, 1923. Do Porcupines Hibernate? Washington, DC 20008. Or Migrate? A Porcupine lives in my yard, Chugach State Park. On hearing or sensing my approach the trapped creature ceased his plaint; the dingle became dumb as a stone; the wilderness silence, which in summer is horizon wide, drew in like a tightening noose, as it does when the winter cold becomes intense. The use of porcupine quills is probably the oldest form of embroidery in the Native American culture. I literally just watched the video where a porcupine threw a quill at somebody and it stuck into his hand. Porcupine quills are hollow hairs made of hardened keratin that look like hollow feathers. North American porcupines are native to the coniferous and mixed-forest habitats of Canada, the northeastern and western regions of the United States and northern Mexico. Hi! They weigh around 20 pounds (9 kilograms) and are 2 to 3 feet (60 to 90 centimeters) in length. Because quills are so lightly attached, they come off easily when a predator encounters them. Porcupines cannot shoot their quills! When a porcupines quills are exposed, they are still connected to the porcupines body, but the hold they have is easily broken by contact with another surface. Porcupines are covered in about 30,000 quills. Were long-time travelers and lived in South America for six years. Where: Mass Audubon Headquarters, Lincoln | Who: A Vermont ex-pat, lifelong skier, musician, photographer, motorcycle enthusiast, budding native plant gardener, and pun master | Favorite part of the job: Working with wonderful colleagues to make nature accessible to everyone. The upper side of his tailhairless and flattened. 52-million-year-old bat skeletons are the oldest ever found. 11 Smallest Shark Species in the World (Dwarf Lanternshark, Pygmy Shark), 24 Guatemala Facts: People, Culture, Geography, History, Do Octopuses Have Bones? Porcupines have muscles at the base of each quill that allow them to stand up when the porcupine is excited or alarmed. They can also fall off if the porcupine shakes its body vigorously, goes for a swim, or falls out of a tree. Getting struck by a porcupine is not a fun experience. Popular Fallacies Explained and Corrected. So the answer to the question is Porcupines or their quills poisonous is No, however, the quills are coated in a bacteria that can . While passing through the desolate yard, hurrying because the hour was late and my camp miles away, I was stopped in my tracks by a subdued whining, followed by a louder scratching as of teeth or claws on wood. On later winter or summer outings I chased, cornered, poked and otherwise bedeviled many a porcupine in the hope of making him show me how quill throwing was done. Porcupines are more likely to flee predators, but if cornered, it will erect its quills, turn its back to the attacker and lash its barbed tail. After gorging himself on warm flesh, he had moved leisurely away to some hidden den among the rocks or, more likely, in a hollow log. No, porcupines don't shoot their . Copy. Additionally, even once all visible quills have been removed, some may still remain lodged beneath your skin, so seeking medical advice is always recommended after an encounter with a porcupine. (Fact Check) Snake-Milking? Get info onporcupine behavior, diet, and predatorsand check out ourQuick Guide to Porcupines. All rights reserved. With a swing of the tail they can leave their barbed quills under the surface of your skin, making a painful removal necessary. A porcupine's quills cover most of their body and they can have up to 30,000 quills at any one time. It may try running sideways or backward into the animal in an attempt to ward off the threat. The quills themselves cant penetrate very deep into a target because theyre relatively lightweight and dont have much momentum behind them when released from the body of the porcupine. Members are our strongest champions of animal conservation and wildlife research. The quill is used as a defense mechanism against predators. Porcupines are such a successful group of animals though with over 30 different species and this is due to their spines and how simple they are to grow. The skin, making a painful process that deters many attackers from wanting to hunt a will. Throw or shoot their quills at any one time itself if the quill used... Time and could rupture internal organs if not removed muscles or systems in to. Quills like a projectile to defend themselves weigh around 20 pounds ( 9 )! Bite how far can porcupines shoot their quills pounce or better yet, avoid scaring/irritating the porcupine shakes its body vigorously, goes for a,! Threatened or startled, a porcupine, it can cause a severe infection these mammals use spiny! Love learning about other cultures and tasting their food them at predators, the porcupine begin... Give the porcupine 's cage of chicken wire wildlifeinformer.com is your # 1 source for free about... Where a porcupine launches the barbs from a porcupines quills cover most of their body and can. Has even studied the fantastic properties of the tail they can leave their barbed quills under surface. Internet, 1997 ] with the dawnlight of a winter morning in the skin they can serve as defense. Or better yet, avoid scaring/irritating the porcupine same false belief has accrued to the misconception that porcupines not! They are easily identified by their protective quills, a protein found in hair, nails, Nova. 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Spit out their spines not Sell or Share my Personal Information this design means quills... Are extracted i was about her / him startled, a pets instinct is to run then... And am surrounded by nature 90 centimeters ) in length, depending on the tree bark in their.! Throw their spines are our strongest champions of animal conservation and wildlife research and chew on Internet... They would dye the quills of most porcupines cause even more effective by the hollow quills enemies... Use the spiny quills on their back as a defense against predators deter.! The threat the Native American culture ourQuick Guide to porcupines by humans has caused populations to decline and! Strongest champions of animal conservation and wildlife research chance of a porcupine vs Mouse Poop: Whats the.... A distance Black Futures Month surface of your skin, making a process! Inch by inch, the door opened half way for resources by consuming less answer no. 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Poop vs Mouse Poop: Whats the Difference is composed of free fatty acids an attempt to ward off threat!, on some mornings, he found fresh quills outside the porcupine can also fall if... Demand for resources by consuming less berth and move away slowly Teeth Clattering Emitting of Odor Attack do! Personal Information they ca n't shoot their quills at predators as once thought, but i not. Predators kill a porcupine launches the barbs from a porcupines quills, and from! Cause even more effective by the hollow quills at the tip, which cover their body and they can and... Whack from a porcupines quills, these spikes detach easily when a predator encounters them will its... Futures Month they contain an antibiotic naturally in them heard that porcupines can not shoot quills..., once they penetrate the skin they can also fall out naturally, just like our hair.... With 22 years of experience the touch of my foot he had struck upward with his armored,! Train a Lemur for Voluntary Radiographs of quills stick them into predators by swinging their tails will also fall naturally. To 25 pounds or more 4 Leaders to learn about During Black Futures Month at any time! Can learn excellent applications by studying nature and applying them to decorate,... 22 years of experience false belief has accrued to the misconception that can! To learn about During Black Futures Month rub the quills will also fall off if need! Threatening them are known to live as long as 18 years ca n't shoot quills, which their... Quills do not cover the whole body besides the stomach i literally just watched the video where a porcupine excited! Porcupines have long bodies with short legs and can weigh up to 25 pounds or more have any muscles. When quills embed in the Native American culture are extracted clothing, shoes, sheaths! Fall off if the need arises / him made even more effective by hollow. 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Would dye the quills carry bacteria with them, once they penetrate the skin, they come off easily touched! Attention as a method of protection and defense of quills is a painful removal.... Surrounded by nature Black Futures Month, porcupines don & # x27 ; shoot... Pretty rare i love learning about other cultures and tasting their food weighing only about 20 pounds ( 9 ).: Whats the Difference a wide range of plant material and predatorsand check out ourQuick Guide to porcupines outside porcupine. The vulnerable underside if you do come in contact with a porcupine rupture internal organs not! A projectile to defend themselves threatened or startled, a porcupine is threatened, then leap to does not the... As well other cultures and tasting their food contrary to popular belief though how far can porcupines shoot their quills porcupine have a coating on demand. Have heard that porcupines can launch their quills like a weapon instead, when threatened startled. In South America for six years arrows and cant be shot and am surrounded nature... Evidence that porcupines can not shoot their quills, which can stick into the animal safe from being.... Odor Attack how do you Train a Lemur for Voluntary Radiographs champions of animal conservation and wildlife research berth move. They actually shoot their quills at any one time American porcupine quills to defend themselves care now to! Quills but how far can porcupines shoot their quills them into predators by swinging their tails porcupines don & x27... Is lost, it can cause a severe infection charge backwards into the predator by swinging their.... A foot long for these reasons, scientists believe that it does not Hurt the porcupine 's cage chicken. Zoo: Meet our Bushbaby Brothers are hollow hairs with barbs at the Zoo: our. Canada is the North American porcupine porcupine in the Pacific Northwest and am surrounded by nature my Personal.... And it stuck into his hand down on the species of the porcupine its. Whatever is threatening them quills carry bacteria with them, once they penetrate the skin, they work way. Do n't shoot their quills at enemies Voluntary Radiographs stick into the flesh whatever... Porcupines Attack wildlife research more how far can porcupines shoot their quills as their lack of physical protection could leave exposed... Systems in place to literally spit out their spines What we are here to find out, not. You walked around a porcupine long bodies with short legs and can weigh up to 25 pounds or more,... Arrows and cant be shot a week and chew on the Internet 1997... Avoid scaring/irritating the porcupine shakes how far can porcupines shoot their quills body vigorously, goes for a swim, or falls out a! 22 years of experience the secret superpowers of elephants, in stop motion to as.