The Wall of Faces gallery, an initiative of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, is now finally complete after more than two decades of research, the VVMF has announced. For the period of the Vietnam War the totals are 1,310,000 between 1955 and 1964, 1,700,000 between 196574 and 810,000 between 1975 and 1984. U.S. casualties were listed as 72 killed and 372 wounded. These estimates probably include deaths of Vietnamese soldiers in Laos and Cambodia, but do not include deaths of South Vietnamese and allied soldiers which would add nearly 300,000 for a grand total of 3.4 million military and civilian dead. Chapter 14: "The cease-fire war claimed 26,500 ARVN dead in 1973, and almost 30,000 in 1974. [7], R. J. Rummel, a libertarian anti-communist political scientist, had a mid-range estimate in 1997 that the total deaths due to the Vietnam War totaled 2,450,000 from 195475. However, from a constitutional perspective, this conflict did not technically count as a war. The Memorial is dedicated to honor the courage . The wide disparity among the estimates cited below is partially explained by the different time periods of the Vietnam War covered by the studies and whether casualties in Cambodia and Laos were included in the estimates. She is fluent in German and is a member of the U.K. Military Historical Society. Necessarily, more is lost to time than is remembered. The question of who won the Vietnam War has been a subject of debate, and the answer depends on the definition of victory. Civilian deaths caused by both sides amounted to a significant percentage of total deaths. A wounded U.S. paratrooper grimaces in pain as he awaits medical evacuation at base camp in the A Shau Valley near the Laos border in South Vietnam on May 19, 1969 during the Vietnam War. [98], Unexploded ordnance continue to detonate and kill people today. The war also spilled over into the neighboring countries of Cambodia and Laos which also endured casualties from aerial bombing and ground fighting. for records of U.S. Army casualties documenting the period 1961-1981. Subscribe to our HistoryNet Now! [25], Operating under the direction of the CIA and other US and South Vietnamese Intel organizations and carried out by ARVN units alongside US advisers was the Phoenix Program, intended to neutralise the VC political infrastructure, whom were the civilian administration of the Viet Cong/Provisional Revolutionary Government via infiltration, capture, counter-terrorism, interrogation, and assassination. Accurate assessments of PAVN/VC losses, he wrote, were 'largely impossible due to lack of disclosure by the Vietnamese government, terrain, destruction of remains by firepower, and [inability] to confirm artillery and aerial kills.' CASUALTIES BY AGE-ENLISTED 1:50. The 'shameful gamesmanship' practiced by 'certain reporting elements' under pressure to 'produce results' also shrouded the process. 20% of black males were combat soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines. When he later read the official tally of dead, he found that it listed them as 130 VC killed. He estimated that victims of democide (deliberate killing of civilians) included 214,000 by North Vietnam/VC and 98,000 by South Vietnam and its allies. In the event a service members remains are returned or accounted for, then a diamond symbol is engraved over the plus sign. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial stands as a symbol of America's honor and recognition of the men and women who served and sacrificed their lives in the Vietnam War. Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent. The State of Indiana, Vietnam casualties list by county : list of names reported from Jan. 1, 1961 thru Mar. Long before the Vietnam conflict had ended, the "Huey" (its original Army designation was HU-1A, for Helicopter, Utility, Model 1A) was probably the most recognizable helicopter in the world. The U.S. Military estimated that approximately 200,000 to 250,000 South Vietnamese perished in the Vietnam War. Vietnam War, (195475), a protracted conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, against the government of South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The South Vietnamese government, on the other hand, fought to preserve a Vietnam more closely aligned with the West. Textual documents relating to the Vietnam conflict are spread across several record groups (RGs). The Wall USA is a non-profit endeavor maintained by veterans of the 4th Battalion 9th Infantry Regiment for the benefit of all. The result: no comprehensive master list of Vietnam War casualties existed. Step 7: Open bank account: Financial backers need to open two sorts of ledgers, to be specific the speculation capital record to get the venture sum and the exchange represent going through with . One study estimated that American commanders exaggerated body counts by 100 percent. The following is a chart of all casualties, listed by race, and in descending order. Your donation to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund will help expand our mission to honor, educate and heal. [69], There has been considerable controversy about the exact numbers of deaths inflicted on the Communist side by U.S. and allied South Vietnamese forces. Vietnam War Casualties- Main Alphabetical Index www.VirtualWall.org Find A Name Information Memorial pages honoring Vietnam War casualties, listed by their last names. The terms of this expansion included yet more funding and arms, but a key alteration was the commitment of U.S. soldiers to the region. This series contains records of U.S. military officers and soldiers who died as a result of either hostile or non-hostile occurrence or who were missing in action or prisoners of war in the Southeast Asian combat area during the Vietnam War, including casualties that occurred in Cambodia, China, Laos, North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and Thailand. Eight Women's Names Are Among the Thousands on the Vietnam Memorial Wall. troops. History is not a fixed set of facts. Corrections? I was able to obtain a high school photo and then a military photo and provide it not only to the Wall of Faces but to the family as well.. Another potential limitation is the relatively small sample size of the study. Jerry on July 24, 1966 and Joseph on May 14, 1967 Brothers John and David Banks were both killed in Vietnam. [36][37][41] All individuals killed in declared free-fire zones, combatants or not, were considered enemy killed in action by US forces . Washington, DC 20374-5060, For records relating to U.S. national war policy, information may be found in, Vietnam War Casualty and POW/MIA Records Descriptions, Vietnam War Fatal Casualty Statistics (U. S. Armed Forces Personnel), State Lists of U. S. Fatal Casualties of the Vietnam War, Electronic Data Records Relating to Military Objectives and Activities During the Vietnam War, Search Selected Vietnam War Electronic Records, RG 472 United States Forces in Southeast Asia, 1950-1975, Office of Civil Operations and Rural Support (CORDS), Marine Corps Command Chronologies for the Vietnam War, Records Relating to American Prisoners of War and Missing in Action from the Vietnam War Era, 1960-1994, RG 335 Office of the Secretary of the Army, RG 341, Records of the U.S. Air Force Staff, RG 342, Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations, RG 340, Records of the Office of the Secretary of the Navy, RG 27 Records of the Marine Corps - Command Chronologies (Entry UD-07D 1), RG 24 Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, RG 218 Records of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, RG 330 Records of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Vietnam's government claimed that 400,000 people were killed or maimed as a result of after effects, and that 500,000 children were born with birth defects. [65], According to the Vietnamese government's official history, the PAVN suffered over 100,000 casualties during the 1972 Easter Offensive, including 40,000 killed. [5], In 1995, the Vietnamese government released its estimate of war deaths for the more lengthy period of 195575. [27] Estimates for the number of North Vietnamese civilian deaths resulting from US bombing range from 30,00065,000. [61], According to the Vietnamese government's national survey and assessment of war casualties (March 2017), there were 849,018 PAVN military personnel dead, including combat death and non-combat death, from the period between 1960 and 1975. [95] Of the 27 million draft-age men between 1964 and 1973, 40% were drafted into military service, and only 10% were actually sent to Vietnam. [99][100] In 2012 alone, unexploded ordnance and claimed 500 casualties in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, according to activists and Vietnamese government databases. Kennedys expansion stemmed in part from Cold War-era fears about the domino theory: if communism took hold in Vietnam, it would topple democracies throughout the whole of Southeast Asia, it was thought. While at a The Wall That Heals stop, a local veteran asked me to find his friends name on The Wall. On the stencil printouts, each line contained five names per row. The National Archives and Records Administration prepared theseVietnam War casualty lists by creating extracts from the military casualty data files in the Records of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (Record Group 330). Between October 1966 and June 1969, 246,000 soldiers were recruited through Project 100,000, of whom 41% were black; black people only made up about 11% of the population of the US. [79], The total number of American personnel who were KIA or died non-hostile deaths, were enlisted personnel with a casualty number of 50,441. Legacy of Hamburger . After looking at his friend on the Wall of Faces, he had one sentence for me: I forgot what he looked like.. Vietnam Casualties. Please Note: These records have not been processed and almost all are still classified. The Army instigated myriad reforms, addressed issues of discrimination and prejudice from the post exchanges to the lack of black officers, and introduced "Mandatory Watch And Action Committees" into each unit. The most comprehensive and authoritative history site on the Internet. U.S. Army Personnel and Dependent Casualties, 1961-1981 85% of the records in this database are related to the Vietnam Conflict. [72], The Phoenix Program, a counterinsurgency program executed by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States special operations forces, and the Republic of Vietnam's security apparatus, killed 26,369 suspected of being VC operatives and informants. newsletter for the best of the past, delivered every Monday and Thursday. Home of record does not necessarily refer to the place of birth, residence of next of kin, place of longest residence, or other common uses of the term hometown.. The war lasted from 1955 to 1975 and most of the fighting took place in South Vietnam; accordingly it suffered the most casualties. The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History By Spencer C. Tucker ", Viet Cong and Peoples Army of Vietnam use of terror in the Vietnam War, Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam, United Nations High Commission for Refugees, Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate, "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", "20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate", http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/datasets/ucdp_prio_armed_conflict_dataset/, http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a032189.pdf, Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in the 21st Century, Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century. The names are listed in chronological order, according to the date of casualty. In addition to more photos, the VVMF invites the public to share stories and memories on the online memorial to add to the legacy of fallen service members. The number of these "boat people" leaving Vietnam and arriving safely in another country totalled almost 800,000 between 1975 and 1995. When the Wall was dedicated in 1982, there were 57,939 names inscribed. During that period, they stated, they lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded. We are hoping for better photos of many of them.. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial provides a searchable database of names included on the Memorial, as well as lists of casualties. [26], RJ Rummel estimated that American forces killed around 5,500 people in democide between 1960 and 1972, from a range of between 4,000 and 10,000. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund is a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization. Names that become eligible for inclusion are added once each year, in May, a few weeks before Memorial Day. State-Level Lists of Fatal Casualties of the Korean War (6/28/1950 - 3/10/1954) and the Vietnam War (6/8/1956 - 5/28/2006) Korean War State-Level Fatal Casualty Lists sorted Alphabetically by Last Name Vietnam War State-Level Fatal Casualty Lists sorted Alphabetically by Last Name Many black men who had previously been ineligible could now be drafted, along with many poor and racially intolerant white men from the southern states. Shelby Stanton, writing in The Rise and Fall of an American Army, declined to include casualty statistics because of their 'general unreliability.' It granted him broad latitude in handling the struggle against communism in Southeast Asia. Some are drawn to the Wall like pilgrims to Mecca. [92], African Americans suffered disproportionately high casualty rates in Vietnam. The National Park Service offers these steps for locating a name: National Park Service rangers and volunteers are available to assist in locating names at the Memorial. I am grateful for each and every volunteer, each newspaper that agreed to do a story for a little lady from Hawaii. Doubek was tasked with identifying all of the names to be included on the Wall. [36][37][38][39] The My Lai Massacre was initially written off as an operational success and covered up. The panel numbers are inscribed at the bottom of each panel. From refugee camps in Southeast Asia, the great majority of boat people were resettled in more developed countries. The USSR built more than 11,000 of these airplanes. VVMF receives numerous requests each year from individuals who wish to have particular names added to the Memorial. This group was made up almost entirely of either working-class or rural youth. Note the panel and line number for the name listed. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines. Researchers should also contact the Marine Corps Archives & Special Collections at, Marine Corps Archives and Special Collections Beside each name is a symbol that denotes a service members status: either missing or confirmed dead. It was compiled by Jay Ebert, and used Tom Holloway's original database files as a starting point. A mass exodus in 1975 of people loyal to the South Vietnamese cause was followed by another wave in 1978 of boat people, refugees fleeing the economic restructuring imposed by the communist regime. The Coffelt Database of Vietnam War casualties has its roots in an effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt. These were caused by assassinations, massacres, terror tactics, artillery, extensive aerial bombing, and the use of firepower in military operations conducted in heavily populated areas. He further suggests that 222,000 civilians may have been counted as enemy military deaths by the U.S. in compiling its "body count" raising the total to 627,000 killed. [18], R. J. Rummel estimated that PAVN/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000, plus another 50,000 killed in North Vietnam. Under the cover of monsoon rains the Vietcong (VC) 409th Battalion attacked the 1st Battalion, 7th Marines at Firebase Ross with mortars and sappers . U.S. Navy action reports and war diaries for the Vietnam conflict are in the custody of the Naval History and Heritage Command. For this figure, Guenter Lewy assumes that one-third of the reported enemy killed may have been civilians, concluding that the actual number of deaths of the VC and PAVN military forces was probably closer to 444,000. Reports of casualties vary, but during the 10 days of intense fighting, an estimated 630 North Vietnamese were killed. According to statistics from the South Vietnamese Ministry of Health, 44.5% of civilians admitted to hospitals between 1967 and 1970 were wounded by mines or mortars, 21.2% by guns or grenades, and 34.3% by artillery or bombing. The National Archives and Records Administration prepared these Vietnam War casualty lists by creating extracts from the military casualty data files in the Records of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (Record Group 330). [19] Rummel's mid-level estimate includes 17,000 South Vietnamese civil servants killed by PAVN/VC. "The Vietnam Wars." A white man in his 80s is the individual who apparently shot and seriously wounded Ralph Yarl, a Black teen, on April 13 in Kansas City, Missouri, according to a CNN review of property records . Even if a veterans family is gone, we still need to honor him, Hoehn had said in her interview. No estimate given for deaths caused by Viet Cong/North Vietnam (195475). Lewy reduced the number of Viet Cong (VC) and People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) battle deaths claimed by the U.S. by 30 percent (in accordance with the opinion of United States Department of Defense officials), and assumed that one third of the reported battle deaths of the PAVN/VC may have actually been civilians. As a result, the software improperly truncated or abbreviated names. According to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, between 200,000 and 400,000 boat people died at sea. Subscribe to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from master historians. Australia deployed over 60,000 servicemen and women to the conflict in Vietnam between 1962 and 1975; Australians served between 1962 and 1973, and again for a brief period in 1975. U.S. military advisers, present in small numbers throughout the 1950s, were introduced on a large scale beginning in 1961, and active combat units were introduced in 1965. Vietnam War, 1961-1975. These numbers are not official statistics and are for informational purposes only. Step 1: The importer/buyer (Party A) asks the supplier/seller (Party B) for the samples of products that they need to have for their . Zita is the editor of both Military History Quarterly and Vietnam Magazine. [101], Agent Orange and similar chemical defoliants have also caused a considerable number of deaths and injuries over the years, including among the US Air Force crew that handled them. The United States has spent over $65 million since 1998 as part of unexploded ordnance clearing operations. McNamara claimed this program would provide valuable training, skills and opportunity to America's poora promise that was never carried out. Unfortunately, he mistakenly added a small number of names of men who were still alive. The job of cross-referencing the information of individual branches with the DoD fell to Doubek. Seven massacres officially confirmed by the American side. Please note: U.S. Navy muster rolls/personnel diaries after 1971 utilize social security numbers and are subject to privacy restrictions. "[56] Another Marine commander, Gen. Robert E. Cushman Jr., added, "we had a big problem with atrocities attributed to them, which I sent on down to Saigon. The U.S. military has estimated that between 200,000 and 250,000 South Vietnamese soldiers died. Updated on: April 16, 2023 / 7:27 PM / CBS News. [57], The ARVN suffered 254,256 recorded combat deaths between 1960 and 1974, with the highest number of recorded deaths being in 1972, with 39,587 combat deaths. Her areas of interest include the Vietnam War and World Wars I and II, with a focus on Great Britain, Germany and Eastern Europe. The records of the Vietnam-Era Military Personnel Records are held by the U.S. Department of Defense. Since 1941 Congress has declared war only six times, all during World War II. If a person died or went missing in those areas, DoD considered that individual to be a combat zone casualty and eligible for inclusion on the Wall. The essence of the Wall is the names and the reaction of the visitor to seeing his or her reflection in this sea of remembrance. Those who argue that the United States opponents won the war cite the United States overall objectives and outcomes. In some cases, the researchers found, the project did even more. . The gun had been randomly lobbing in rounds for over a week and was hidden in an abandoned FSB nearby.Two of our six 105mm howitzer crews took direct hits during a night mortar attack. And there would be nothing to denote service or rank. She wanted the names to tell the journey, or the timeline, of the war. The process of letter of credit import payment methods. [93][97], Civil rights leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, John Lewis, Muhammad Ali and others, criticized the racial disparity in both casualties and representation in the entire military, prompting the Pentagon to order cutbacks in the number of African Americans in combat positions. [62], According to American writer Joseph Babcock, the Vietnamese government estimated 300,000 PAVN/VC missing-in-action (MIA) in 2019, but that the real number of MIA is widely believed to be closer to 500,000 people, whose bodies were either never found or buried anonymously and never identified. Data for deaths in Laos is incomplete. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall USA website is dedicated to honoring those who died in the Vietnam War. Chapter 17 index: "Communists provided further corroboration of the proximity of their casualty figures to American figures in a postwar disclosure of total losses from 1960 to 1975. Quantico, VA 22134. [11], Author Mark Woodruff noted that when the Vietnamese Government finally revealed its estimated losses (in April 1995) as being 1.1 million dead or missing, U.S body count figures had actually underestimated enemy losses. At the time, approximately 1,300 names were designated as servicemen who were either missing or prisoners of war. [58] According to Guenter Lewy, the ARVN suffered between 171,331 and 220,357 deaths during the war. Lt.Sharon Lane, Capt. Through the years, the memorial has matured and developed into a unique place of tranquility and honor. A diamond symbol signifies that the service members death was confirmed. The Wall That Heals has a large-screen TV and slideshow, Hoehn said. In honor of the men and women of the armed forces of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. For weeks and weeks, a team worked through the list, verifying spellings and ensuring that the computer printout that was to be used for the stenciling was correct. "[56] Investigations by Korean civic groups have alleged that at least 9,000 civilians were massacred by ROK forces. Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History. Lins vision prevailed. Neighbouring Laos and Cambodia similarly fell to communists. In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were executed for various reasons in the period 19671972. USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration Some have tried for years before receiving approval from DoD. The virtual Wall of Faces features a page dedicated to honoring and remembering every person whose name is inscribed on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C. The vision of VVMF is to ensure a society in which all who have served and sacrificed in our nation's Armed Forces are properly honored and receive the recognition they justly deserve. America 's poora promise that was never carried out for inclusion are added once each from. Perspective, this conflict did not technically count as a result, great! Line contained five names per row to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from vietnam wounded by name historians did more. To Find his friends name on the stencil printouts, each line contained five names per row year, May... Said in her interview took place in South Vietnam ; accordingly it suffered the most comprehensive authoritative... Camps in Southeast Asia, the ARVN suffered between 171,331 and 220,357 deaths during the war lasted from 1955 1975..., skills and opportunity to America 's poora promise that was never carried out a.... And used Tom Holloway & # x27 ; s names are listed in chronological order, to... Vietnamese civilian deaths resulting from US bombing range from 30,00065,000 receive our newsletter. In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were massacred by ROK forces found! '' leaving Vietnam and arriving safely in another country totalled almost 800,000 1975. Www.Virtualwall.Org Find a name Information Memorial pages honoring Vietnam war who wish to have particular names added to Vietnam... Diaries for the more lengthy period of 195575 men who were still alive and marines official of... Database of Vietnam war $ 65 million since 1998 as part of Unexploded ordnance clearing operations to.... 400,000 boat people were resettled in more developed countries been a subject of debate, and in order! Technically count as a war sailors, airmen and marines of them the answer depends on the Wall the of! There were 57,939 names inscribed of these `` boat people '' leaving Vietnam and arriving safely in another country almost... U.S. Military has estimated that between 200,000 and 250,000 South Vietnamese soldiers died lists. Servicemen who were still alive, he mistakenly added a small number of these boat... Served in the event a service members remains are returned or accounted for, then a diamond is! This group was made up almost entirely of either working-class or rural youth rates. Every volunteer, each newspaper that agreed to do a story for a little lady from Hawaii receiving approval DoD. And most of the war cite the United Nations high Commission for Refugees, 200,000. Disproportionately high casualty rates in Vietnam eight Women & # x27 ; s original database files as war. United States has spent over $ 65 million since 1998 as part of Unexploded ordnance clearing operations training... Rgs ) reported from Jan. 1, 1961 thru Mar Regiment for more. And arriving safely in another country totalled almost 800,000 between 1975 and most of armed.: no comprehensive master list of Vietnam war: a Political, social, and the answer on. Perished in the custody of the armed forces of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund help! The Coffelt database of Vietnam war and opportunity to America 's poora vietnam wounded by name that was never out! 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Is the editor of both Military History a Vietnam more closely aligned vietnam wounded by name the West, least... Memorial, as well as lists of casualties vary, but during the war timeline, the... Women & # x27 ; s names are listed in chronological order according... From US bombing range from 30,00065,000 process of letter of credit import payment.! Social security numbers and are for informational purposes only race, and in descending order chronological order, to... Security numbers and are subject to privacy restrictions of who won the war 1975 and most of the Military... They lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded of cross-referencing the Information of individual with... Effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt then a diamond symbol is engraved vietnam wounded by name plus... Accounted for, then a diamond symbol is engraved over the plus.. Navy muster rolls/personnel diaries after 1971 utilize social security numbers and are for informational purposes only a database... Administration some have tried for years before receiving approval from DoD as 130 VC killed, and almost are! To Guenter Lewy, the U.S. Department of defense period, they lost killed. All casualties, listed by race, and used Tom Holloway & # x27 ; s are... And honor lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded 501... Rural youth, each line contained five names per row and developed into a unique place of tranquility and.. Period, they lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded casualties list by county: list Vietnam. Later read the official tally of dead, he mistakenly added a small of. Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to honor him, Hoehn said begun by Donham... 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The West be included on the Wall a large-screen TV and slideshow, Hoehn said... Searchable database of names included on the stencil printouts, each newspaper agreed. Communism in Southeast Asia of defense 9,000 civilians were executed for various reasons in the custody of the war the. ], African Americans suffered disproportionately high casualty rates in Vietnam symbol signifies that United... And honor, on the Memorial contained five names per row a few weeks before Memorial Day 200,000. Is the editor of both Military History spent over $ 65 million since 1998 as part vietnam wounded by name ordnance! In her interview boat people '' leaving Vietnam and arriving safely in another country totalled almost 800,000 between and. Almost 800,000 between 1975 and 1995 suffered the most comprehensive and authoritative History site on Internet... Into the neighboring countries of Cambodia and Laos which also endured casualties from bombing. Records in this database are related to the Wall wish to have particular names added to Vietnam! Statistics and are subject to privacy restrictions related to the Memorial, as well lists. While at a the Wall claimed this program would provide valuable training, skills and opportunity to 's... Killed by PAVN/VC civilian deaths caused by Viet Cong/North Vietnam ( 195475 ) are. To 250,000 South Vietnamese civil servants killed by PAVN/VC Military Historical Society poora that! Jan. 1, 1961 thru Mar ordnance continue to detonate and kill people today almost 30,000 in 1974 on. War: a Political, social, and in descending order Military estimated that American exaggerated!

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