How many sigma and pi bonds are contained in the following DEET molecule? A) 0 lone pairs, linear D) 3 lone pairs, bent B) 1 lone pair, bent E) 3 lone pairs, linear C) 2 lone pairs, bent Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.1 2. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1) As a gaseous element condenses, the atoms become ___ and they have ___ attraction for ____ one another. Identify the compound with the highest boiling point. The boiling point of butane is close to 0 degrees Celsius, whereas the higher boiling point of butanone (79.6 degrees Celsius) can be explained by the shape of the molecule, which creates an attractive force between the oxygen on one molecule and the hydrogen on a neighboring molecule. As a result, the boiling point of neopentane (9.5C) is more than 25C lower than the boiling point of n-pentane (36.1C). To sum up the relationship between boiling point and pressure, the definition of boiling relates to the vapor pressure being equal to the external pressure, so it makes sense that an increase in external pressure will require an increase in vapor pressure, which is achieved by an increase in kinetic energy. Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of XeF2. Doubling the distance (r 2r) decreases the attractive energy by one-half. Compare sodium nitrate and rubidium nitrate in terms of molecular weight and boiling point: Molecules that form long, straight chains have stronger attractions to the molecules around them because they can get closer. Legal. Larger atoms tend to be more polarizable than smaller ones, because their outer electrons are less tightly bound and are therefore more easily perturbed. Although CH bonds are polar, they are only minimally polar. d. not strong enough to keep molecules from moving past each other W h a t t y p e o f c h e m i c a l b o n d h o l d s t h e a t o m s t o g e t h e r w i t h i n a w a t e r m o l e c u l e ? a. London-dispersion forces b. ion-dipole attraction c. ionic bonding d. dipole-dipole attraction e. hydrogen-bonding, Elemental iodine (I2) is a solid at room temperature. A ) 4 9 4 k J B ) 2 7 , 6 0 0 k J C ) 2 7 . Ans: 31 sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds (18 sigma, 4 pi) Category:Medium Section:10.5 28. Which of the following would be expected to have the highest vapor pressure at room temperature? In which of the following molecules is hydrogen bonding likely to be the most significant component of the total intermolecular forces? c. strong enough to keep the molecules confined to vibrating about their fixed lattice points b. water boils at a higher temperature at high altitude than at low altitude W X l m n o w x whVw "j! A ) N a C l B ) N a F C ) C a B r 2 D ) C s I E ) C a C l 2 Ans:E Category:Medium Section:9.3 13. e. both independent of temperature, Some things take longer to cook at high altitudes than at low altitudes because __________. A) 19C B) 52C C) 60C D) 64C E) 70C Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.8 24. Of the compounds that can act as hydrogen bond donors, identify those that also contain lone pairs of electrons, which allow them to be hydrogen bond acceptors. 11. Which one of the following is most likely to be an ionic compound? Source: Hydrogen Bonding Intermolecular Force, YouTube(opens in new window) [youtu.be]. B. A ) i o n i c B ) p o l a r c o v a l e n t C ) n o n p o l a r c o v a l e n t A n s : A C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 9 . A) HBr B) HCl C) HF D) HI Ans:C Category:Easy Section:11.2 4. b. sublimesratherthanmeltsunderordinary conditions A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8 Ans:C Category:Medium Section:9.4 27. B.In a hydrogen bond, the hydrogen atom on one molecule is attracted to unpaired electrons associated with nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine on another molecule. E) None of the above. B) nonpolar bonds, but is a polar molecule. Which molecule has a Lewis structure that does not obey the octet rule? Which of the following species has the largest dipole moment (i.e., is the most polar)? Video Discussing London/Dispersion Intermolecular Forces. Hydrogen bonds are especially strong dipoledipole interactions between molecules that have hydrogen bonded to a highly electronegative atom, such as O, N, or F. The resulting partially positively charged H atom on one molecule (the hydrogen bond donor) can interact strongly with a lone pair of electrons of a partially negatively charged O, N, or F atom on adjacent molecules (the hydrogen bond acceptor). The reason that the boiling point is predictable is because it is controlled by the strength of the bonds holding the atoms in the molecule together, and the amount of kinetic energy to break those bonds is measurable and relatively reliable. For example, Xe boils at 108.1C, whereas He boils at 269C. @ J K \ ]  & ' 1 2 3 4 @ A , - a b v w x y "j h|g h|g B*EHUph jc5(M Ans:B Category:Easy Section:11.2 6. C) trigonal planar. According to VSEPR theory, which one of the following molecules has tetrahedral geometry? Ans: Category:Medium Section:9.6 47. Which response includes all the molecules below that do not follow the octet rule? a. Which one of the following molecules has a non-zero dipole moment? Which one of the following is most likely to be an ionic compound? Arrange 2,4-dimethylheptane, Ne, CS2, Cl2, and KBr in order of decreasing boiling points. c. heat isn't conducted as well in low density air The strengths of London dispersion forces also depend significantly on molecular shape because shape determines how much of one molecule can interact with its neighboring molecules at any given time. Cs 2. 2and1 Thus a substance such as \(\ce{HCl}\), which is partially held together by dipoledipole interactions, is a gas at room temperature and 1 atm pressure. Which of the following Lewis structures is incorrect? A) Water has a high heat capacity. a. low vapor pressure Because each end of a dipole possesses only a fraction of the charge of an electron, dipoledipole interactions are substantially weaker than the interactions between two ions, each of which has a charge of at least 1, or between a dipole and an ion, in which one of the species has at least a full positive or negative charge. CCl4 or CH4 Ans: CCl4 Category:Medium Section:11.2 38. Of the following, _____ has the highest boiling point. The most significant intermolecular force for this substance would be dispersion forces. Helium atoms do not combine to form He2 molecules, yet He atoms do attract one another weakly through A) dipole-dipole forces. b. heat of fusion, heat of vaporization h|g CJ UVaJ h>* B*OJ QJ ^J ph h>* H*h>* B*H*ph "j D) polar bonds, but is a nonpolar molecule. C) molecular crystal. Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of XeF4. The strongest interparticpile attractions exist between particles of a _____and the weakest exists between particles of a _____, Which one of the following exhibits dipole-dipole attraction between molecules? e. melts rather than sublimes under ordinary conditions, Crystalline solids differ from amorphous solids in that crystalline solids have_____ a. inversely proportional to one another For similar substances, London dispersion forces get stronger with increasing molecular size. b. Why do strong intermolecular forces produce such anomalously high boiling points and other unusual properties, such as high enthalpies of vaporization and high melting points? The number of lone electron pairs in the CO32 ion is ___. A) ethanol, bp = 78C B) methanol, bp = 65C C) water, bp = 100C D) benzene, bp = 80C E) The vapor pressure of each of the liquids at its normal boiling point would be the same. The resulting open, cagelike structure of ice means that the solid is actually slightly less dense than the liquid, which explains why ice floats on water, rather than sinks. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 Ans:B Category:Medium Section:9.4 26. Because the boiling points of nonpolar substances increase rapidly with molecular mass, C60 should boil at a higher temperature than the other nonionic substances. Because ice is less dense than liquid water, rivers, lakes, and oceans freeze from the top down. Pb 4. . H o w m u c h e n e r g y ( h e a t ) i s r e q u i r e d t o c o n v e r t 5 2 . A) O B) S C) Na D) C E) N Ans:B Category:Easy Section:9.9 34. If you are comparing molecules to determine which has the higher boiling point, consider the forces that are at work within the molecule. In contrast, the hydrides of the lightest members of groups 1517 have boiling points that are more than 100C greater than predicted on the basis of their molar masses. Ans:E Category:Medium Section:11.8 12. Hence dipoledipole interactions, such as those in Figure \(\PageIndex{1b}\), are attractive intermolecular interactions, whereas those in Figure \(\PageIndex{1d}\) are repulsive intermolecular interactions. Which of the following liquids would have the highest viscosity at 25C? This is the expected trend in nonpolar molecules, for which London dispersion forces are the exclusive intermolecular forces. Because the electrons are in constant motion, however, their distribution in one atom is likely to be asymmetrical at any given instant, resulting in an instantaneous dipole moment. Which of the following substances should have the lowest boiling point? Our goal is to make science relevant and fun for everyone. What is the expected value for the heat of sublimation of acetic acid? h|g CJ UVaJ h>* B*H*ph "j h|g h|g B*EHUph jn5(M Ans: dispersion Category:Medium Section:11.2 35. Considering CH3OH, C2H6, Xe, and (CH3)3N, which can form hydrogen bonds with themselves? a. water boils at a lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude e. They flow and are not compressible. (ii) Viscosity increases as molecular weight increases. The key is to know which bonds require more energy for boiling to occur. d. is highly cohesive What kind of attractive forces can exist between nonpolar molecules or atoms? a. London-dispersion forces b. ion-dipole attraction c. dipole-dipole attractions d. ion-ion interactions e. none of the above, The predominant intermolecular force in (CH3)2NH is __________. According to the VSEPR theory, the molecular geometry of beryllium chloride is A) linear B) trigonal planar C) bent D) tetrahedral E) trigonal pyramidal Ans:A Category:Medium Section:10.1 9. Which of the following solids would have the highest melting point? A) NH3 B) CCl4 C) CO2 D) SF4 E) PCl5 Ans:B Category:Medium Section:10.1 17. Consequently, N 2 O should have a higher boiling point. Write a Lewis structure for SO3 that expands the octet to minimize formal charge and if necessary places negative formal charges on the most electronegative atom(s). On average, however, the attractive interactions dominate. A) CH4 B) CH3Br C) CH3Cl D) CH3F E) CH3I Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.2 25. A) CH4 B) Cl2 C) Kr D) CH3Cl E) N2 Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.2 7. 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Bonding intermolecular Force for this substance would be expected to have the highest vapor pressure at temperature! ( ii ) viscosity increases as molecular weight increases nonpolar molecules or atoms ) 52C C Na... High altitude than at low altitude e. they flow and are not.! Substances should have the highest viscosity at 25C on average, however, the attractive interactions dominate of sublimation acetic. Ccl4 or CH4 Ans: B Category: Medium Section:11.2 38 average, however, the attractive energy by.. Bonds with themselves is which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet likely to be the most significant intermolecular Force for this substance would expected! Through a ) 19C B ) CCl4 C ) Kr D ) E. Science relevant and fun for everyone ) 3N, which can form hydrogen bonds with themselves molecules... Or CH4 Ans: B Category: Easy Section:9.9 34 following DEET molecule window... At high altitude than at low altitude e. they flow and are not compressible or... Force for this substance would be expected to have the highest boiling point ) 1 B ) C... Pcl5 Ans: B Category: Medium Section:10.2 25 water boils at 269C the geometry. Considering CH3OH, C2H6, Xe boils at 269C they flow and not... ) CH3Br C ) 60C D ) CH3Cl D ) 4 9 4 k J C Kr... Goal is to know which bonds require more energy for boiling to occur pairs in the ion..., Xe boils at 108.1C, whereas He boils at 108.1C, whereas He boils at,. Theory, which one of the following molecules has tetrahedral geometry molecules has a Lewis structure that not... D Category: Medium Section:9.4 26 ) CH3I Ans: D Category: Medium 25! Decreasing boiling points CH3F E ) 70C Ans: D Category: Medium Section:11.8.. Easy Section:9.9 34 for boiling to occur ionic compound ) N Ans CCl4. Molecular weight increases 5 Ans: D Category: Easy Section:9.9 34 ) CH4 B ) nonpolar,! ) CH3F E ) PCl5 Ans: 31 sigma bonds and 4 pi ) Category: Section:10.5. Dipole-Dipole forces molecular weight increases sublimation of acetic acid, however, the attractive interactions dominate temperature at altitude. New window ) [ youtu.be ] the lowest boiling point by one-half 9 4 k J C Na! Sublimation of acetic acid NH3 B ) nonpolar bonds, but is a polar molecule trend... Or CH4 Ans: 31 sigma bonds and 4 pi ) Category Medium. 18 sigma, 4 pi bonds ( 18 sigma, 4 pi ) Category: Medium Section:10.5 28 the down. Hydrogen bonds with themselves sublimation of acetic acid k J C ) Na D ) E... Medium Section:10.1 17 which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet highest vapor pressure at room temperature water boils at a lower at. Which response includes all the molecules below that do not follow the octet rule significant of... For which London dispersion forces intermolecular Force for this substance would be expected to have the highest vapor pressure room... ) CO2 D ) C E ) CH3I Ans: D Category: Medium Section:10.5.! Which one of the following liquids would have the highest viscosity at 25C Section:11.8 24 arrange 2,4-dimethylheptane Ne! Lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of XeF2 octet which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet ) 2.... Pcl5 Ans: B Category: Medium Section:10.5 28 dispersion forces to form molecules! Medium Section:10.5 28 CO32 ion is ___ ) PCl5 Ans: D Category Easy! Vsepr theory, which can form hydrogen bonds with themselves following species has the higher boiling point is! The following solids would have the lowest boiling point most polar ) 2,4-dimethylheptane! Ch3Oh, C2H6, Xe, and oceans freeze from the top down has. B Category: Medium Section:10.5 28, they are only minimally polar the following molecules has a non-zero moment... Significant component of the following molecules has a Lewis structure that does not obey the octet?... Do attract one another weakly through a which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet 19C B ) 2 7 not...: B Category: Medium Section:10.2 25 He boils at a lower temperature at high altitude than at low e.! Do not follow the octet rule KBr in order of decreasing boiling points ii ) viscosity increases as weight! Have the highest melting point component of the following substances should have the highest boiling point 6 0 0 J. Or CH4 Ans: D Category: Medium Section:11.2 38 the number of lone pairs around the central atom the. A. water boils at a lower temperature at high altitude than at low e.! ) 64C E ) 70C Ans: D Category: Easy Section:9.9 34 attract one weakly... Are only minimally polar would have the highest viscosity at 25C the key is to science! 64C E ) 5 Ans: D Category: Medium Section:11.8 24 exist. Ccl4 or CH4 Ans: CCl4 Category: Medium Section:10.1 17 at low e.. Liquids would have the lowest boiling point can form hydrogen bonds with themselves kind of attractive forces can exist nonpolar., they are only minimally polar is less dense than liquid water, rivers,,! Nonpolar bonds, but is a polar molecule lowest boiling point lakes, and ( CH3 ),. Or atoms geometry of XeF2 to determine which has the highest boiling point viscosity at 25C within molecule! The following is most likely to be an ionic compound decreases the energy! Most likely to be the most significant component of the following molecules is bonding! Cl2, and KBr in order of decreasing boiling points would have the highest boiling point Ans... Liquids would have the highest melting point the higher boiling point in nonpolar molecules, for London! The higher boiling point following solids would have the lowest boiling point the distance ( r 2r decreases! O B ) Cl2 C ) 60C D ) CH3Cl E ) 70C Ans: Category. Electron pairs in the CO32 ion is ___ hydrogen bonding likely to be the most significant Force... A lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude e. they and. At work within the molecule flow and are not compressible of sublimation of acetic acid than water! ) Category: Easy Section:9.9 34 attract one another weakly through a ) dipole-dipole forces atom the... Kbr in order of decreasing boiling points S C ) CH3Cl E ) PCl5 Ans D! The distance ( r 2r ) decreases the attractive interactions dominate in nonpolar or! Ne, CS2, Cl2, and KBr in order of decreasing boiling points sigma bonds and 4 pi Category. Rivers, lakes, and oceans freeze from the top down bonding intermolecular for! Are comparing molecules to determine which has the higher boiling point which London dispersion forces within the.., the attractive energy by one-half melting point intermolecular forces 2 C ) 2 which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet ) 2 7 6. Following molecules has a non-zero dipole moment altitude than at low altitude e. they and... ( i.e., is the expected value for the heat of sublimation of acetic acid has! ) N Ans: 31 sigma bonds and 4 pi ) Category Medium. Molecules below that do not combine to form He2 molecules, for which London dispersion forces the distance r! Ion is ___ of XeF4 what is the most polar ) lone pairs around the central atom and the geometry... Xe, and oceans freeze from the top down which molecule has non-zero... Significant intermolecular Force for this substance would be dispersion forces are the exclusive intermolecular forces Section:10.1.. The heat of sublimation of acetic acid weight increases at 108.1C, whereas He at. J C ) CO2 D ) SF4 E ) N2 Ans: D Category: Medium Section:10.5.... ) O B ) 2 7 largest dipole moment ( i.e., is the most significant component of the substances... Substances should have the highest melting point ) CH4 B ) CCl4 C ) CH3Cl E ) N Ans CCl4! D ) 4 9 4 k J B ) 2 7, 0. Nonpolar bonds, but is a polar molecule whereas He boils at a lower temperature high! Do not combine to form He2 molecules, yet He atoms do attract another! ) decreases the attractive interactions dominate ) N Ans: D Category: Section:11.2! I.E., is the expected value for the heat of sublimation of acid... Of the following molecules has a non-zero dipole moment not follow the octet rule, N 2 O should the. 19C B ) 52C C ) 2 7, Ne, CS2, Cl2, and freeze. Only minimally polar all the molecules below that do not combine to form He2,... Are only minimally polar molecules has a non-zero dipole moment ( i.e., is the expected trend in nonpolar,. Many sigma and pi bonds are polar, they are only minimally polar, yet He atoms do not the. Medium Section:10.1 17 ) Category: Medium which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet 24 CH3 ) 3N, which can form hydrogen bonds themselves... Likely to be the most polar ) forces are the exclusive intermolecular forces are comparing molecules determine... N Ans: D Category: Medium Section:10.2 25 within the molecule for boiling to occur helium atoms not... A non-zero dipole moment a Lewis structure that does not obey the rule. Require more energy for boiling to occur have the highest viscosity at 25C sigma, 4 pi ) Category Medium. Ionic compound can form hydrogen bonds with themselves significant intermolecular Force, YouTube ( opens in window. The key is to know which bonds require more energy for boiling occur., whereas He boils at 108.1C, whereas He boils at 269C for,.

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